跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第2章 2013年12月18日

    今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：

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" Z+ Y/ P9 x3 w% h: R/ Nmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: * n$ M9 l9 D. YTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第: R1 f6 T6 S/ m( k. Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">21 I7 d- B0 `* e; Lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 7 ^0 I+ y( {6 V- Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">章：, Y% z/ U8 Z! d j; h1 } lmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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, M/ A7 B; m+ ETahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2•2 `3 f, w w1 ]2 y6 P' g10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 7 n. ]$ g5 J0 M3 B; ]: Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：5 d4 V& A; }: g. o) r* U mso-font-kerning:0pt">"! t& b" W/ }& i3 Y9 V& f4 r: y% Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。7 e1 x' f8 }. P, {& r9 w0 C* W mso-font-kerning:0pt">"
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9 D% ?0 A; V% y, ~5 Z6 [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 5 o- S; J2 ~: ~0 [, dTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。% D1 g8 a) F* l6 D mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 E* U- M! ^, C/ K9 g0 Kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ! S( Q( g' E @3 [( }$ |- pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">蔽5 V5 j( N( k' O Q; F: U$ n mso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 |/ h: @# l$ K. Y3 Tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经1 p, |9 S* t" `5 q- @2 pmso-font-kerning:0pt">•, s, v* y4 L, @/ ]: t font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">鲁颂$ k% H. j' e" c5 i$ ] I# \mso-font-kerning:0pt">•9 u& h5 y& R5 m9 X- I* R) ^ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : }+ Z) d5 i. Z2 b- R0 Omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。8 e) n3 i( t4 L" K1 v& ]2 F5 Omso-font-kerning:0pt">
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3 D8 Z* s9 i% E6 D. b9 z* U mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：+ [: V- V) \' L! a$ H* F/ ^ 0pt">“# j1 z( k6 P9 `/ ?& `( `5 OTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 5 P2 K5 q, m; Kmso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是! v1 K( k7 V/ K) T; N( @) d0pt">‘6 @& W w$ G& Y0 C Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; & [- h- m3 A/ jmso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。; r1 y, `% t( m8 X 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">’” 

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; Z7 m$ U0 ]/ [" |" [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？3 b5 B1 u& ^* v' q9 } R! i0pt">
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& u+ M: o# V; h- J! M4 K0 [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ; l" _& d- [$ M6 ZTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，- k* A; B+ Q- T- E mso-font-kerning:0pt">"1 d5 h8 T5 y& C5 r8 o* w3 { font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪+ b* Q- C4 M7 `) T+ _mso-font-kerning:0pt">"5 r& ~( Q- z d- [- G5 Y& a" k font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。7 S7 u2 J# m+ J# `5 p3 @+ Q mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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; Q* S7 J$ y! r3 t* I mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说： t& F: P; C8 s& u+ F- J0pt">“. e" @0 |( r7 _0 |" K# {" f/ {: G Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; % v; D& p. e5 E6 F( rmso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐7 m1 F' |: F* y" ^9 p W; t4 l 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">” d; R) p; f& k W& H9 q! W' h& rmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; * G0 a. d# |$ \/ |5 M. j. R8 m3 zmso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语/ v2 i. Q1 r; P' C% _ 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">•6 W6 ?( i5 p: Z. z8 emso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 9 c0 i" X D4 \9 A7 a2 o$ N0 `mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种: p5 [+ L8 \5 }" w0 O% z0 d. O2 b! a mso-font-kerning:0pt">“# m# h& \9 @" Z; q3 L. D7 m* R font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">立+ b% O1 ^$ j% b" N$ L. T" E# E9 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ T- V$ b0 L7 M5 \font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; . |4 }1 ^3 o: D6 m4 _9 E8 Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的4 R# a. D6 T" h" Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">“' x: D( F$ {( l; Z+ o& p font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐. i4 z" `' T9 E: Umso-font-kerning:0pt">”, r) b: Y- U6 m! c/ h" W9 j! rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 9 T/ z+ u7 E& }6 P7 A' ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，; m: [8 b) S' r V& bmso-font-kerning:0pt">“* y, V1 P X% P. f5 ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; Z3 V% F7 e) K* q4 e8 e1 ?8 v' Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教( ?- D0 }8 P0 p( F$ ], v mso-font-kerning:0pt">”* f( `7 ]( m: L5 x9 Q font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 4 k$ X: i/ x$ a7 j/ Y2 T2 Amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、+ o. ~4 L0 O/ N6 F+ P% p$ b) F) x4 |mso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 d/ D$ d& X7 a6 N2 o font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 |- z( ~- Z* h* l/ }mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗教% ]' Y9 { I* c6 ], ~ Q* a$ `( {mso-font-kerning:0pt">”) l K6 I, j/ C$ \. @ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。 i2 Q6 k& s0 o% W* l/ E$ _ mso-font-kerning:0pt">

" p! A- O/ Y1 u# z4 B6 _ + s: u5 W l& C, k5 f" [* k2 V

, S9 M; e% S* K# Z' Dmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ; z# o3 E( p) G! c' e( iTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌 Z' [: a$ o1 p) {5 i$ wmso-font-kerning:0pt">305% q/ E$ M3 J, o% d8 q0 O font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视3 L5 h* P9 y. i$ X1 Y7 O1 a" H mso-font-kerning:0pt">“, T6 `, F+ T: J. Z4 u1 ?/ I5 h) w font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗# Y0 I% ~' x* j- W' M. |3 Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 T* e/ i* ~) Y) U) a9 N font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ' D; u" Z& @& nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：! f9 N( t. R& K) T( @/ @; Amso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 S, S) Q! \" S font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 d! O1 {9 n, x8 Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。0 w9 `0 f4 _3 Q( i0 R# l0 S3 U( Z mso-font-kerning:0pt">”% t8 }2 B/ l" p5 u) L9 B7 }+ gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语8 j! k* z1 @3 a. U1 E( U, @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">•0 A, b! q: V* |2 }! Z- @ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; . M9 n* J) f* W- g% F; rmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）* a+ ~ N% N6 A6 K4 \8 D" e5 Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 V% L$ C' z" z( E font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。0 P$ ~$ i$ Y, H h mso-font-kerning:0pt">”( y6 a0 n% w# d font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语( ^& L( r2 N# j9 W+ Vmso-font-kerning:0pt">•1 I7 C% M4 W3 Y0 u9 k1 Y+ _" ?) s) u! t font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ) L# b' X' D5 J4 K" Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过% {6 B) [4 t4 I0 v mso-font-kerning:0pt">“- w+ e' g) ]* k' l% Ofont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # F" X& ^1 Y( v9 Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨' T9 [3 m$ @! o9 X3 Q- dmso-font-kerning:0pt">”- O) Z) |) j* y4 s font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人" I% T/ Q4 r2 G9 h/ U; n! u* l mso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 @1 d) u7 e, k. |* k' ]: Kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # x8 T5 a9 g% F# L) k! r- ]mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪7 I, b$ D3 I0 f3 P: i" x mso-font-kerning:0pt">”: m7 q! [- V! i, y! n+ P) l/ Y% bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。- m+ p. v: Y: \6 h) Umso-font-kerning:0pt">

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K4 l) f- }6 S' H9 R, y; ~, ]mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ! y) i/ Q9 l$ ?* G6 L0 @ XTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。# O( |1 S3 X' r) \* r5 m mso-font-kerning:0pt">"! @/ V1 l2 j6 Q# m* D8 }. d font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。7 P! J! i0 H6 e$ y" x" a& x mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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8 _( j# D4 M% V$ o5 X6 R mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。) D1 M2 A! Z; h- l2 Xmso-font-kerning:0pt">——9 t% @1 W; {7 ~3 F# K7 Y font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; + U$ X# s& r3 h, _3 xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃& r8 E1 Y5 O" j: J- Q6 W mso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 h7 m3 \+ g6 \- Ofont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批" N5 y/ q) H, Z* hmso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ ?; r$ G9 t5 C- ]1 s I font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 O, Y6 D/ Z- P# l$ s5 Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”9 K8 N* e6 Z# m* o, U% qmso-font-kerning:0pt">——: G( F: ^4 O' A3 lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; O- u1 P# w( A" I+ D, H. Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。9 i! L% b+ R' c0 Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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' E2 ~* V$ C- S1 a: jTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> “. W8 O }3 h& J$ _3 c5 G3 W% ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 3 d& _ [: t% ^: ~1 t4 J) Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。( K N* U ?- ~7 U: k; m: o2 w mso-font-kerning:0pt">”9 J( ]# o5 k9 Z3 L/ ]font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 5 f4 [- B, ]" P( _5 j1 J! ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于! r& Z7 T$ E$ H' ^: S4 S mso-font-kerning:0pt">“5 \& K1 P/ h9 j. U font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴9 A$ @: S% I5 v. U mso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ ]+ X8 T( c; nfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、! n( `, w$ K4 i; g& W! omso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 d+ W7 u% n! U font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : v$ L- A7 {: ]. S2 nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观) g; w+ q& [: s mso-font-kerning:0pt">”- I% \' P: S5 Z5 l font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 K& H# R0 }! P) k' Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、1 c3 R5 E, r" { L. L& B* G1 m mso-font-kerning:0pt">“ c& G/ F, x6 m$ H, N font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 9 g/ L3 z" ]7 R" D% ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群/ V. }( @" a0 c/ `/ }mso-font-kerning:0pt">”2 {* y3 E0 L; u5 {9 g9 D font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、) X ]* q: P3 b1 P/ C; D7 r mso-font-kerning:0pt">“5 ], O }9 C5 a7 u/ s! x font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; n9 b! @) u$ Vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨# O+ f. w; `+ p0 d$ j+ `! R: Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">”5 K: r1 }2 L9 g- z9 ` font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 L4 U4 ~" I! ?' Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓) A% G$ q+ T7 D) N6 R5 Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">“4 T) B/ S' c7 R& [font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴9 U4 P8 [& F& |6 {7 _6 `mso-font-kerning:0pt">”3 h& I+ ?/ V: [& T) ?9 H font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 5 F7 f0 d- h6 s: `7 T7 pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓6 N9 X# _6 q# n8 r# }3 e `9 `mso-font-kerning:0pt">“/ E1 F, I5 b' afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观/ l( e. V# q' P& }6 b6 i tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”9 K7 ^" H/ |# j4 m: Dfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : J8 o) h$ \0 y5 M2 R2 ]mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓 D' a6 i4 L/ \! H3 s* ?/ |* Q mso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ D# C+ c1 I L7 Y0 ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # |4 l {* w7 @. P. i7 Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群* ?1 }* d8 K& b' S' f2 i3 ~ M& A mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ N; b: y9 d( d+ e! ufont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 7 {8 h, x! @/ d* F! W" ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓/ h2 e: d1 p T9 o. p mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 `4 N9 R7 h# Q' {- ~( Zfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨) ?) F1 P/ w0 V mso-font-kerning:0pt">”3 K% G! T a( q# b$ dfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; $ X7 U9 R x1 q+ w$ Dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼' [1 m& j E4 w7 {' f; u* L# `mso-font-kerning:0pt">“) C+ J M7 f( g9 m, [font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤# e. W8 i: t8 L( v" J mso-font-kerning:0pt">” z! a4 e% P+ K5 Z8 | font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语6 l P; Y: _0 m0 L( E+ }' Y2 w0 Z mso-font-kerning:0pt">.* ?. |9 `! s& B8 Q font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能0 X2 V. N8 `- A1 }) }, P: y mso-font-kerning:0pt">“. h8 E* [' \" Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒0 K$ }; D9 {# g: `8 r T mso-font-kerning:0pt">”% v. B, \5 P0 e4 j6 V font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; % ^$ C5 E" S, bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹* L% W: C$ t( c9 D9 B/ r3 u mso-font-kerning:0pt">.% L* ^4 s& i% l1 S. N. `( R font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人2 w, c& w3 y& U mso-font-kerning:0pt">“. z4 h9 a. j6 M1 n& J" e font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪: {1 k# D' Q% D2 y& E; Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 |% y9 f! x. m/ B: f8 afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 W6 `) s8 a# p* Kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语" W; v) U+ c' a5 E2 F mso-font-kerning:0pt">.( r n( q3 f: K$ Z1 @& ?9 K font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。5 k& m# n$ P$ R9 X mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ ~! ~+ N/ M y) N9 c mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ! o( x M" O$ M* v8 S5 K; DTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：! w# n1 \4 X z: S 0pt">

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非学无以立德,非学无以增智。读书学习的过程就是交流思想的过程,就是与良师益友对话的过程,可以使我们立德、修身、养性、改过。感谢贾老师赐教。

{:soso_e195:}好好学习